C# Exercise: 152 3D point

// Importing the System namespace to handle basic functionalities and console output
using System;

// Creating the class to represent a point in 3D space
public class Point3D
{
    // Declaring the coordinates of the point (X, Y, Z) in 3D space
    private double x;
    private double y;
    private double z;

    // Constructor to initialize the point with given coordinates (X, Y, Z)
    public Point3D(double x, double y, double z)
    {
        this.x = x;  // Setting the X coordinate
        this.y = y;  // Setting the Y coordinate
        this.z = z;  // Setting the Z coordinate
    }

    // Getter for the X coordinate
    public double X
    {
        get { return x; }  // Returning the X coordinate value
        set { x = value; } // Setting the X coordinate value
    }

    // Getter for the Y coordinate
    public double Y
    {
        get { return y; }  // Returning the Y coordinate value
        set { y = value; } // Setting the Y coordinate value
    }

    // Getter for the Z coordinate
    public double Z
    {
        get { return z; }  // Returning the Z coordinate value
        set { z = value; } // Setting the Z coordinate value
    }

    // Method to move the point to a new location by changing its coordinates
    public void MoveTo(double newX, double newY, double newZ)
    {
        x = newX;  // Updating the X coordinate to the new value
        y = newY;  // Updating the Y coordinate to the new value
        z = newZ;  // Updating the Z coordinate to the new value
    }

    // Method to calculate the distance from this point to another point
    public double DistanceTo(Point3D p2)
    {
        // Calculating the difference in the X coordinates between this point and the other point
        double dx = x - p2.X;
        // Calculating the difference in the Y coordinates between this point and the other point
        double dy = y - p2.Y;
        // Calculating the difference in the Z coordinates between this point and the other point
        double dz = z - p2.Z;

        // Using the 3D distance formula to calculate the distance between the two points
        return Math.Sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz); // Returning the calculated distance
    }

    // Method to return a string representation of the point in the format (X, Y, Z)
    public override string ToString()
    {
        return $"({x},{y},{z})";  // Returning the string with the X, Y, Z coordinates in parentheses
    }
}

// Auxiliary class containing the Main method to test the functionality of the Point3D class
public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Creating an array of 5 Point3D objects to store the points
        Point3D[] points = new Point3D[5];

        // Loop to gather input for each point from the user
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        {
            // Asking the user to input the coordinates for the current point
            Console.WriteLine($"Enter the coordinates for Point {i + 1}:");

            // Asking for the X coordinate and storing the input as a double
            Console.Write("X: ");
            double x = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());

            // Asking for the Y coordinate and storing the input as a double
            Console.Write("Y: ");
            double y = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());

            // Asking for the Z coordinate and storing the input as a double
            Console.Write("Z: ");
            double z = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());

            // Creating a new Point3D object with the entered coordinates and storing it in the array
            points[i] = new Point3D(x, y, z);
        }

        // Storing the first point from the array to calculate distances from it
        Point3D firstPoint = points[0];

        // Displaying a message about the distances
        Console.WriteLine("\nDistances from the first point to the others:");

        // Loop to calculate and display the distance from the first point to the remaining points
        for (int i = 1; i < points.Length; i++)
        {
            // Calling the DistanceTo method to calculate the distance from the first point to the current point
            double distance = firstPoint.DistanceTo(points[i]);

            // Displaying the calculated distance from the first point to the current point
            Console.WriteLine($"Distance from Point 1 to Point {i + 1}: {distance:F2} units");
        }
    }
}